COMPOUND SENTENCES
A
compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. The
coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so. (Helpful
hint: The first letter of each of the coordinators spells FANBOYS.)
Except for very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma.
In the following compound sentences, subjects are in yellow, verbs are in
green, and the coordinators and the commas that precede them are in red.
A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.
B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
C. Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping.
The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of coordinators can change the relationship between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the coordinators. In sentence B, which action occurred first? Obviously, "Alejandro played football" first, and as a consequence, "Maria went shopping. In sentence C, "Maria went shopping" first. In sentence C, "Alejandro played football" because, possibly, he didn't have anything else to do, for or because "Maria went shopping." How can the use of other coordinators change the relationship between the two clauses? What implications would the use of "yet" or "but" have on the meaning of the sentence?
A. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.
B. Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.
C. Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping.
The above three sentences are compound sentences. Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they are joined by a coordinator with a comma preceding it. Note how the conscious use of coordinators can change the relationship between the clauses. Sentences B and C, for example, are identical except for the coordinators. In sentence B, which action occurred first? Obviously, "Alejandro played football" first, and as a consequence, "Maria went shopping. In sentence C, "Maria went shopping" first. In sentence C, "Alejandro played football" because, possibly, he didn't have anything else to do, for or because "Maria went shopping." How can the use of other coordinators change the relationship between the two clauses? What implications would the use of "yet" or "but" have on the meaning of the sentence?
Structure3
University of Swadaya Gunung Jati
Syllabus
Course/ Code : Structure 3 /
Credit : 2
Lecture : Misdi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Pre requisite :
Description : This course serves students to understand and comprehend how use compound and complex sentences in both written and oral texts
Topics:
1. Compound sentences
2. Complex sentences
Meetings Sessions topics Subtopics
1 Introduction of the course and its coverage
2,3 Compound sentences; Sentences, and clause
4,5 Compound sentences; Independent vs independent sentences; connectors
6,7 Compound sentences, Reviewing; exercising
8 Midtest
9 Complex sentences, Terminological definition
10 Complex sentences; Dependent and independent clause
11,12 Complex sentences: More about main and sub clauses; Noun clause
13,14,15 Complex sentences: Reviewing and Exercising
16 Final Test
Syllabus
Course/ Code : Structure 3 /
Credit : 2
Lecture : Misdi, S.Pd., M.Pd.
Pre requisite :
Description : This course serves students to understand and comprehend how use compound and complex sentences in both written and oral texts
Topics:
1. Compound sentences
2. Complex sentences
Meetings Sessions topics Subtopics
1 Introduction of the course and its coverage
2,3 Compound sentences; Sentences, and clause
4,5 Compound sentences; Independent vs independent sentences; connectors
6,7 Compound sentences, Reviewing; exercising
8 Midtest
9 Complex sentences, Terminological definition
10 Complex sentences; Dependent and independent clause
11,12 Complex sentences: More about main and sub clauses; Noun clause
13,14,15 Complex sentences: Reviewing and Exercising
16 Final Test
More exercise on compound sentences:
advanced level
Combine
the two sentences by using one of the following connectors: and, but, and or.
Number 1 has been done for use.
1. Tina was in Bandung last week.
Tia was in Yogyakarta for joining English competition in Gajah Mada University.
= Tina was in Bandung last week and Tia was in Yogyakarta for joining English competition in Gajah Mada University.
2. Obrien is smart in delivering his argument.
Jean has difficulties in understanding new phenomena.
3. But likes swimming in a river.
Tim likes swimming in a swimming pool.
Translate into good English!
4. Mia sangat suka makan buah manggis.
Dinda sangat senang makan buah delima
5. Anak perempuan lebih suka menghabiskan malam minggu di rumah.
Anak laki-laki lebih suka keluar rumah pada malam minggu.
A compound sentence consists of two or more co-ordinate clauses, each of which has its own subject and verb. (Advanced students)
Compare:
Climbing up the tree, he plucked some mangoes. (One finite verb – One main clause)
He climbed up the tree and plucked some mangoes. (Two finite verbs – Two main clauses)
Here the simple sentence is transformed into a compound sentence by changing the participial phrase ‘climbing up the tree’ into the clause ‘he climbed up the tree’.
Read, analyze and do the exercise as the illustration then!
Being ill, he didn’t attend the party.
He was ill and didn’t attend the party.
Besides being pretty, she is clever.
She is not only pretty but also clever.
In spite of his illness he attended the class.
He was ill, but he attended the classes.
He must run fast to catch the train.
He must run fast or he will not catch the train.
Exercise
Convert the following simple sentences into compound sentences:
1. Being guilty, he went into hiding.
2. Being innocent, he never thought of running away.
3. Besides being sent to prison, he was heavily fined.
4. The old man sat in a corner, drinking.
5. Owing to a friend’s intervention, he was later released from jail.
6. Being lazy, he failed.
7. He fled for fear of being arrested.
Number 1 has been done for use.
1. Tina was in Bandung last week.
Tia was in Yogyakarta for joining English competition in Gajah Mada University.
= Tina was in Bandung last week and Tia was in Yogyakarta for joining English competition in Gajah Mada University.
2. Obrien is smart in delivering his argument.
Jean has difficulties in understanding new phenomena.
3. But likes swimming in a river.
Tim likes swimming in a swimming pool.
Translate into good English!
4. Mia sangat suka makan buah manggis.
Dinda sangat senang makan buah delima
5. Anak perempuan lebih suka menghabiskan malam minggu di rumah.
Anak laki-laki lebih suka keluar rumah pada malam minggu.
A compound sentence consists of two or more co-ordinate clauses, each of which has its own subject and verb. (Advanced students)
Compare:
Climbing up the tree, he plucked some mangoes. (One finite verb – One main clause)
He climbed up the tree and plucked some mangoes. (Two finite verbs – Two main clauses)
Here the simple sentence is transformed into a compound sentence by changing the participial phrase ‘climbing up the tree’ into the clause ‘he climbed up the tree’.
Read, analyze and do the exercise as the illustration then!
Being ill, he didn’t attend the party.
He was ill and didn’t attend the party.
Besides being pretty, she is clever.
She is not only pretty but also clever.
In spite of his illness he attended the class.
He was ill, but he attended the classes.
He must run fast to catch the train.
He must run fast or he will not catch the train.
Exercise
Convert the following simple sentences into compound sentences:
1. Being guilty, he went into hiding.
2. Being innocent, he never thought of running away.
3. Besides being sent to prison, he was heavily fined.
4. The old man sat in a corner, drinking.
5. Owing to a friend’s intervention, he was later released from jail.
6. Being lazy, he failed.
7. He fled for fear of being arrested.
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